Trimetal catalysts, which use three platinum group metals (PGMs) rather than two and thereby balance PGM demand, have a multi-decade history of curbing gasoline vehicle emission, which poses question marks over why their re-adoption should be so protracted. New York-based CPM Group MD Jeffrey Christian recalled in an interview with Mining Weekly during his visit to South Africa last week that trimetallic catalysts were the dominant catalysts from the Seventies, through the Eighties and into the Nineties.